造成小腸菌叢過度增生的原因

腸胃道蠕動減緩時，細菌在腸道增生的機會增加，造成細菌過度增生。

有很多不同因素導致小腸菌叢增生的發展：

1. 感染性的腸胃炎： 細菌毒素（急性）和感染後自體免疫會破壞腸道內膜的完整性和降低複合位移運動。

2. 消化功能降低： 低胃酸、胰液和/或膽汁不足、胃幽門螺旋桿菌感染

3. 神經病變： 糖尿病併發症、帕金森氏症、多發性硬化症

4. 醫源性（Iatrogenic）： 手術後、鴉片類藥物、氫離子阻斷劑/制酸劑

5. 機械/結構功能障礙： 狹窄、沾黏、佔位性病變、先天性解剖異常、憩室炎、婦科疾病（如：子宮內膜異位、卵巢囊腫）、迴盲瓣功能障礙

6. 其他： 甲狀腺功能減退症、慢性壓力（交感神經優勢）、分泌型IgA低

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